Operator terms · Wastewater
What is a wastewater collection system?
A wastewater collection system is the network of sewer pipes, manholes, and lift stations that carries used water from homes and businesses to the treatment plant. Most of it flows by gravity, with lift stations pumping the flow uphill where gravity cannot carry it.
Last reviewed 2026-08-03
How the flow moves
Gravity sewers are laid on a slope so wastewater runs downhill on its own. Where the ground rises, a lift station collects the flow in a wet well and pumps it up to a point where gravity can take over again.
What operators watch for
Blockages, grease, and infiltration and inflow of groundwater or storm water all cause backups and overflows. Keeping the pipes clear and the lift stations running protects public health and keeps the plant from being overloaded.
Common questions
- Does sewage flow by gravity?
- Mostly yes; lift stations pump it only where gravity cannot carry the flow.
- What is a manhole for?
- Access to inspect, clean, and maintain the sewer line.
- What overloads a collection system?
- Blockages and extra infiltration and inflow of groundwater or storm water.